

Generally, priority was given to the third, seventh and the most extended tone, as these factors most strongly influence the quality and function of the chord. ĭuring the common practice period of Western classical music, composers orchestrating chords that are voiced in four or fewer parts would select which notes to use so as to give the desired sonority, or effect of the intended chord. Įxamples of the extended chords used as tonic harmonies include Wild Cherry's " Play That Funky Music" (either a dominant ninth or dominant thirteenth).
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Extended harmony prior to the 20th century usually has dominant function – as V 9, V 11, and V 13, or V 9/V, V 13/ii etc. The Romantic era saw greatly increased use of extended harmony. Ĭhords extended beyond the seventh are rarely seen in the Baroque era, and are used more frequently in the Classical era. In practice however, extended chords do not typically use all the chord members when it is not altered, the fifth is often omitted, as are notes between the seventh and the highest note (i.e., the ninth is often omitted in an eleventh chord the ninth and eleventh are usually omitted in a thirteenth chord), unless they are altered to give a special texture. The thirteenth is the farthest extension diatonically possible as, by that point, all seven tonal degrees are represented within the chord (the next extension, the fifteenth, is the same as the root of the chord). Ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth chords are extended chords. In music, extended chords are certain chords (built from thirds) or triads with notes extended, or added, beyond the seventh. A thirteenth chord (E 13) "collapsed" into one octave results in a dissonant, seemingly secundal tone cluster.
